Sensor

Sensors record the status of processes and convert the data recorded into electrically usable signals. They measure things such as engine speed and the composition of exhaust gases in petrol engines. Sensors are also used in the form of an induction loop in front of traffic lights that are activated only when a waiting vehicle is detected.

In its simplest form, a Sensor supplies the required signal in such a way as to enable direct further processing. In such cases, it simply comprises a transducer. One well-known example is the piezo element, which generates a voltage during elastic deformation, e.g. through the exertion of pressure.

In many cases, however, the measured quantities first need to be converted into other variables before the value to be measured can be converted into electrical signals. These signals can be adapted in line with the intended use by means of electronic processing.