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Indication error (electrical engineering) (Neutrum)

Description: Indication errors in measuring instruments have a negative impact on the accuracy of readings and can result in the misinterpretation of measuring results. All types of measuring instruments are affected, because the accuracy that can be achieved depends on the quality of the components used. In the case of mechanical measuring instruments, mechanical movements result in Wear over time. Causes can include Bearing friction, imprecise Scale designs and production tolerances. In the case of digital measuring instruments, assuming the display is working correctly, indication errors are manifested by a statistical fluctuation of +/-1 in the final digit. The constant display accuracy of a digital measuring instrument should not be confused with its measuring accuracy. The measuring accuracy of these instruments depends to a great extent on the quality of the analogue-digital converter, which can be subject to ageing. A measuring instrument's indication error is given as a percentage of the maximum scale value and, based on this value, measuring instruments are divided into accuracy classes of 0.1 to 0.5 (precision measuring instruments with an accuracy of $\pm 0.1%$ to $\pm 0.5%$) and 1 to 5 (industrial measuring instruments with an accuracy of $\pm 1%$ to $\pm 5%$).